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Sri Ramakrishna was a great saint from the 19th century whose primary
teachings were that God can be experienced as palpably as we experience
the day to day world, only more intensely, and that all religions
are so many paths to God. He is unique in that he actually practiced
many of the world's major religions in order to verify that they
were all indeed valid means to the attainment of God.
Sri Ramakrishna was born on February 18, 1836 in a small village
about 60 miles north of Calcutta. His father and mother were a simple
pious couple. Gadadhar, as he was known as a child, had high religious
experiences from a young age. In 1852 he moved to Calcutta to work
with his borther so that they could help to support the family in
the village.
In Calcutta he became a priest in the Kali Temple at Dakeshineswar,
which was a village a few miles north of Calcutta. Here he began
his spiritual practices in earnest. After a short time he was having
spiritual visions of Kali. His family thought that he had become
deranged and so brought him back to the village and married him
to a young girl from a neighboring village named Sarada. Then he
returned to the Kali Temple and hurled himself again into spiritual
practices. In 1861 a tantric nun came to Dakeshineswar and he did
tantric practices under her direction, quickly acheiving the results
that most people take a lifetime perfecting. He then followed several
other Hindu spiritual disciplines culminating finally in the study
and practice of pure Advaita Vedanta under the tutelage of an itinerant
monk named Tota Puri. Under this monks able teaching, he had the
experience of Nirvikalpa Samadhi, the highest of all spiritual experiences.
Next he practiced Islam under a Sufi adept named Govinda Roy. Then
there followed a period when he experienced visions of Jesus and
the Virgin Mary. After having had the highest spiritual experiences
according to each of these paths, he was fully fit to proclaim with
complete authority the basic spiritual law: As many faiths so many
paths.
One by one, between 1879 and 1885, a dedicated group of serious
students came to Sri Ramakrishna. He trained them to carry on his
mission and made Swami Vivekananda their leader. Finally, on August
16, 1886, due to the tremendous physical strain of teaching, sometimes
as much as twenty hours a day, he passed away of throat cancer.
His message to mankind in the modern world was: "Do not care
for doctrines; do not care for dogmas or sects or churches or temples.
The count for little compared with the essence of existence in each
man, which is spirituality; and the more a man develops it, the
more power he has for good. Earn that first, acquire that, and criticize
no one; for all the doctrines and creeds have some good in them.
Show by your lives that religion does not mean words or names or
sects, but that it means spiritual realization."
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